by Po-Huang Chen, Ming-Shen Dai, Mao-Hsuan Huang, Hsin-Yu Chen, Li-Ting Kao, Tina Yi-Jin Hsieh, Hong-Jie Jhou, Cho-Hao Lee Background Preclinical evidence identifies the serotonin transporter (SERT, encoded by SLC6A4) as an immune checkpoint on CD8+ T cells, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) enhancing antitumor…
by Kavita Singh, Ambuj Roy, Dimple Kondal, Kalyani Nikhare, Mareesha Gandral, Satish G. Patil, Kiran Aithal, M. P. Girish, Mohit Gupta, Kushal Madan, J. P. S. Sawhney, Kamar Ali, Meetushi Jain, Savitesh Kushwaha, Devraj Jindal, Emily Mendenhall, Shivani A. Patel, K. M. Venkat Narayan, Nikhil…
by Saraid McIlvride, Neha Rao, Sarjit Singh, Scott M. Nelson, Jill P. Pell, Michael Fleming Background The long-term effects of antidepressant use in pregnancy on child neurodevelopment are unclear; meanwhile antidepressant use in pregnancy is increasing. We aimed to clarify associations between prenatal maternal depression…
by Manpreet Kaur, on behalf of the PLOS Medicine Staff Editors Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death, and progress in reducing mortality has stalled, calling for more research. An opportunity lies in harnessing cardiovascular data from smartwatches. However, ethical and logistical barriers need…
by Laura A. Magee, Peter von Dadelszen, Kypros H. Nicolaides Summary points Traditional antenatal care consists of an accelerating frequency of visits with advancing gestational age, as the bulk of pregnancy complications occur in late pregnancy. The ‘inverted pyramid of care’ concept describes a focus…
by Kanna Hayashi, Eric C. Sayre, Jennifer McDermid, Samona Marsh, Caitlin Shane, Michael-John Sheridan Milloy, P.O.W.E.R. , Thomas Kerr Background Housing is a key determinant of health. In response to increasingly visible homelessness amid a growing housing crisis, many jurisdictions in North America forcibly displace…
by Luan Nguyen Quang Vo, Thuy Thi Thu Dong, Huy Ba Huynh, Binh Anh Luong, Huong Thi Lan Mo, Andrew James Codlin, Rachel Forse, Thuy Doan To Mai, Lan Phuong Nguyen, Jacob Creswell, Luong Van Dinh, Hoa Binh Nguyen, Phu Xuan Vu, Tuan Dinh Nguyen…
by Oladipupo Olalere, Min-Dee Koh, Katie Crabb, Olanike Ajijola, Saba Tariq, Chau Thien Tay, Aya Mousa, Soha Sobhy, Lynne Robinson, Rima Dhillon-Smith, Kathy Hoeger, Lisa Moran, Helena Teede, Shakila Thangaratinam Background Lifestyle interventions are recommended as first-line treatment in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), but…
by Manman Chen, Wanzhou Wang, Feng Sha, Zichen Ye, Yuankai Zhao, Chao Yang, Ze Liang, Yu Jiang, Xijie Wang, Jinling Tang Background Global distribution of human resources for health (HRH) is highly unequal and less resourced regions may particularly be vulnerable to disastrous emergencies. We…
by Ernst Bergman, Anna Nordström, Lars Nyberg, Peter Nordström Background Type 2 diabetes incidence remains high among older adults and contributes substantially to morbidity and healthcare burden. Most evidence supporting diabetes prevention derives from intensive lifestyle interventions targeting high-risk individuals under controlled trial conditions. The…
by Gemma Whyatt, Jodi Whitehouse Rare diseases are often defined by numbers and clinical perspectives, a narrative that needs re-writing. Drawing on decades of patient advocacy, two women living with the rare condition Congenital Melanocytic Naevus argue that lived experience must shape research from the…
by Jingsong Luo, Ruiyi Liu, Jie Yin, Wangnan Cao, Shengzhi Sun, Rui Chen Background Previous studies utilizing self-reported data or polysomnography have found that poor sleep quality is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. However, the association between real-world sleep patterns, including sleep…
by Brian D. Nicholson, Clare R. Bankhead, Sufen Zhu, Jason Lee Oke, Cynthia Wright Drakesmith, Rafael Perera, Frederick D. Richard Hobbs, Pradeep S. Virdee Background Unexpected weight loss (UWL) is a non-specific cancer symptom. Abnormalities in the most recent blood test contribute to cancer referral…
by Reuben Granich, Somya Gupta, Isabelle Munyangaju, Mike Ruffner Summary points In 2015, a survey-based analysis across 16 sub-Saharan African countries estimated that nearly half of people living with HIV were undiagnosed, implying ~11 million people in the region were outside the treatment cascade. However…
by Yuru Huang, Ethan C. Wolf, Andrea M. Gil, Kris Jayme G. Matas, Lisa M. Powell, Rebecca M. Schermbeck, Jennifer Falbe Background In January 2024, Perris, California, became the third jurisdiction worldwide to implement a mandatory healthy checkout policy, after Berkeley, California, and England. Healthy…
by Tianfang Shao, Mariana R. Neves, Molly Franke, Carole Mitnick, Jennifer Furin, Ted Cohen, Reza Yaesoubi Background Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a cornerstone of most all-oral, shorter regimens endorsed by the World Health Organization for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB). Knowledge of resistance…
by Susanna Ragnhild Andersdatter Siri, Christina Storm Mienna, Per Axelsson The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides a robust framework for regulating individual data collection, use, reuse, and storage across Europe, but offers limited safeguards for collective rights, such as those of Indigenous peoples. Here…
by Siphamandla Bonga Gumede, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Elizabeth Kelechi Oladimeji, Nicola Bulled, Alana T. Brennan, Samanta Tresha Lalla-Edward Background Hypertension (HTN) constitutes a major and growing public health challenge in South Africa, a setting where HIV prevalence also remains high. Despite this dual burden, longitudinal evidence…
by Kevin Y. H. Liang, Thomas M. Zheng, Dandan Tan, Takayoshi Sasako, Yann Ilboudo, Yiheng Chen, Guillaume Butler-Laporte, Satoshi Yoshiji, J. Brent Richards Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs in 20–50% of the people living with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is the leading cause…
by Loveleen Bansi-Matharu, Daniel T. Citron, Rowan Martin-Hughes, Haroon Moolla, John Stover, Michael Pickles, Tara Mangal, Jenny Smith, Owen Mugurungi, Mmatlou Simeon Kubyana, Isaac Taramusi, Valentina Cambiano, Amon Mpofu, Debra ten Brink, Edinah Mudimu, Tsitsi Apollo, Anna Bershteyn, Linley Chewere, Dobromir Dimitrov, Stephen Macheso, Leigh…
by Jingjie Zhu, Bo Ye, Zeyu Huang, Huazhen You, Junjia Jiang, Shitong Yang, Junling Gao Background To address labor force shortages associated with population aging, many countries have proposed raising the retirement age. As health is an important determinant of employment outcomes among older workers…
by Damir Zhakparov, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Marco Schmid, Kathleen Moriarty, Damian Roquero, Anita Dreher, Jeannette I. Heldstab-Kast, Kari C. Nadeau, Cezmi Akdis, Michael Levin, Carol Hlela, Milena Sokolowska, Liam O’Mahony, Katja Baerenfaller Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that typically develops in…
by Ho Cheung William Li, Wei Xia, Joanna Yeung, Laurie Long Kwan Ho, Tan Ankie Cheung, Kai Yeung Cheung, Yiu Cheung Chan, Wai Yee Chan, Chin Wai Lui, Hong Chen Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death and are driven by…
by Zachary A. Marcum The gap between medication efficacy in trials and real-world effectiveness is widening, and with it the opportunity cost of medication nonadherence. Closing this gap requires more than individual behavior change; it requires system-level solutions, including coverage and funding design, pharmacist-led programs…
by Oliver S. Simmons, Anna Vicco, Ruth A. Martínez-Vega, José Ramos-Castañeda, Ilaria Dorigatti Background Mexico, and the Americas region more widely, have experienced increased dengue incidence in recent years, and there are concerns that the changing climate may enhance dengue virus (DENV) transmission in the…
by Karen M. Elias, Ainslie Mitchell, Eva Stadler, Timothy E. Schlub, Shanchita R. Khan, Claire Xue, Stephen J. Kent, Deborah Cromer, Miles P. Davenport, David S. Khoury Background Vaccine-induced neutralising antibodies are a well-established correlate of protection against acquisition of COVID-19. Vaccine protection from severe…
by Yunyang Deng, Mark Clements, Chaonan Shen, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Qing Shen, Jiayao Lei Background The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations of HPV infection with incident CVD and CVD-related mortality. Methods and findings…
by Hui Wang, Hua Chen, Jette Möller, Yajun Liang, Krisztina D. László Background Obesity is increasingly common among women of childbearing age worldwide. Maternal obesity during pregnancy may have long-term implications for offspring health, but its association with offspring mortality remains not well understood. In…
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